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Tobacco was introduced to the western culture by the Spanish explores in the early 16th century. Initially smoked through pipes, it rapidly gained popularity leading to its chewed smokeless forms including plug, leaf and snuff. Just about everyone one knows smoking is bad for their health. There has been a significant decrease in American adults who smoke, roughly 10% less over the last two decades, from 36% to 26%. Over the same two decades however there has been an increase in the use of smokeless tobacco. It is estimated that over 12 million Americans use it, 3 million under age 21. What about smokeless tobacco? CHANGE THE FOLLOWING FROM It is often viewed as a healthy form of tobacco use. The facts on smokeless tobacco however, reveal a vastly different story.TO While it is much less harmful for you than smoking, REMOVE THIS PARAGRAPHSnuff contains approximately ten times the amount of cancer causing (carcinogenic) nitrosamines found in cigarettes. This is is well over 100 times greater then the FDA permits in other products. Oral cancer risks for smokeless tobacco users is about four times greater then non-users. Studies have shown dippers to have elevated nicotine levels comparable to that of cigarette smokers, leading the user towards addiction. Smokeless tobacco contains high levels of sodium contributing to high blood pressure as well. Harmful levels of heavy metals such as lead and cadmium have been found in smokeless tobacco increasing the risk for birth defects. Smokeless tobacco use is detrimental to oral health in several ways. The most common condition is gingival recession, where the abrasive tobacco has worn away the gum tissue, exposing the tooth/teeths root structure. Often beginners will try a milder form of snuff which tastes sweet, this is because of high sugar levels which can lead to increase cavity rates, particularly root decay. A reactive thickening of the lining of the mouth directly related to the irritation from tobacco known as hyperkeratosis may occur, this should be a warning to the user to stop immediately! If used long enough an increased risk for epithelial dysplasia (irregular growth of the oral tissue) or carcinoma (cancer) occurs. Changes in the mouths lining that are red (erythroplasia), or white (leukoplakia), are considered to be pre malignant due to their unpredictability of malignant transformation. If normal appearance does not return within fourteen days of quitting tobacco use, biopsy of the region should be strongly encouraged to rule out malignancy. And to add to their http://www.drkimberly.com/nutritionalproblems.html If you smoke, you not only raise your chance of having heart or lung disease ADD or oral cancer but the tar and nicotine in cigarettes makes you more prone to developing gum disease; Paul L. Bergen M.Sc., M.L.I.S. Research Professional, University of Alberta Dept. of Public Health Sciences |
| This is typical placement of chewing tobacco which causes smoke snuff dipper's patch. | 
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| Wrinkled appearance of snuff dippers patch (hyperkeratosis). | 
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| Verrucous carcinoma (cancer) of the labial mucosa after many years of tobacco chewing. | 
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Lycium Barbaum is the plant name for GOJI 1: Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 1992 May;27(3):159-61, 190. [Effects of Lycium barbarum L and Drynaria fortunei J Smith on in vitro attachment and growth of human gingival fibroblasts on root surfaces][Article in Chinese] Liu B. College of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xian. In this study, the effects of Lycium barbarum L and Drynarna fortunei J Smith on in vitro attachment and growth of human gingival fibroblasts to root surfaces were investigated. The results revealed that the above herbs at dose of 1.25 mg/ml could improve attachment and growth of fibroblast, on the planed diseased root surfaces to a certain extent. When exposed to Lycium brabrum L cells on the diseased root surfaces increased markedly in number, with more even distribution, better spread, and more exuberant growth. Drynaria fortunei J Smith was not as potent as Lycium brabarum L. The results suggest that the two drugs may improve the formation of new attachment of periodontal tissue. PMID: 1292903 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE ...To Read More about Goji Berries (Lycium Barbarum) Click
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